Kuki Gukuramo Amavuta na Gazi bidashobora gukora hatabayeho amavuta akomeye?

Iyo ushakisha umutungo wa peteroli na gaze mu Isi, ibice bikomeye byo gucukura bihinduka igikoresho gikomeye cy’ikiremwamuntu mu kurwanya ibinyabuzima bikomeye, bikaba ingwate ikomeye ku ngamba z’ubushinwa.

Mu kibaya cya Tarim cya kure, iriba rya Yuejin 3-3XC rya "Isi Yimbitse No 1" rimaze kurenga ubujyakuzimu bwa metero 10,000. Aka gace, hamwe nubuzima bwa geologiya bugoye cyane, bushyira ingufu kubicuruzwa bito bito. Intsinzi y'ibidukikije bigoye ni "amenyo y'icyuma n'urwasaya rw'ibyuma" bikozwe mu mavuta akomeye.

I. Ibibazo byimbitse byisi, ingorane zo gucukura

Mu gihe ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli na gaze mu Bushinwa bugenda butera imbere mu burebure bwimbitse kandi bwimbitse, imirima ya peteroli ihura n’ibidukikije bikabije birangwa na "ultras eshatu n’ikirenga" - ubujyakuzimu bwimbitse, ubushyuhe bukabije cyane, umuvuduko ukabije, hamwe na sulferi nyinshi.

Mubihe nkibi, imyitozo isanzwe itoroshye gukora. Imyitozo ngororamubiri gakondo irashira vuba, ikagira igihe gito cya serivisi, hamwe nubushobozi buke, ikananirwa kubahiriza ibyifuzo bya peteroli na gaze bigezweho.

Ingufu ninkomoko yubuzima bwinganda. Umutungo wa peteroli na gazi byimbitse byabaye intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere rya peteroli na gaze mu Bushinwa, bityo bikaba ngombwa gutsinda imbogamizi z’ikoranabuhanga mu gucukura.

II.  Amavuta akomeye: Igikoresho cyingenzi cyo guhangana ningingo zikomeye

Amavuta akomeye yahindutse ibikoresho byiza byo gucukura peteroli na gaze kubera ubukana bwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe no kwihanganira kwambara bidasanzwe.

Zikorerwa no gucumura tungsten, cobalt, nandi mafu yicyuma mubushyuhe bwinshi, bigera ku buremere burenga 90 kurwego rwa Mohs - burenze kure ubw'ibikoresho gakondo.

III.  Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya

Kugirango ukemure ibice byimbitse kandi bigoye, tekinoroji ya alloy drill bit ikoranabuhanga ikomeje guhanga udushya.

Amashanyarazi ya diyama ya polycrystalline (PDC) akoreshwa mu gucukura peteroli na gaze agizwe n'umubiri ukomeye wa alloy hamwe hamwe na diyama yahujwe na yo.

Umubiri ukomeye ukomatanya umubiri ufata ibyiciro bibiri-intangiriro yimbere ikozwe na silinderi ikomeye-ikomeye cyane ya silinderi hamwe nigice cyo hanze gikozwe mubikomeye cyane, birinda kwambara cyane-binini cyane, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwicyuma cyoroshye hagati yacyo.

Igishushanyo cyemeza ko intandaro ya substrate ikomeye ikomeye ifite ubukana nimbaraga nyinshi, mugihe ubuso bwinyuma butanga ubukana bwinshi hamwe no kurwanya isuri idasanzwe, bigatuma bikwiranye nuburyo bwo gucukura cyane-isuri.

IV.  Gukoresha neza Kugaragaza Agaciro

Imyitozo ikomeye ya alloy drill bits igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gucukura peteroli. Bashobora gukemura byoroshye ibice bitandukanye bikomeye, nka granite na quartzite.

Akabuto gakomeye kavanze bits yerekana gukomera cyane na imyambarire idasanzwe, kubafasha guhangana nubushyamirane bukabije no kwambara mugihe kirekire cyo gucukura.

Ibikoresho bikomeye bivanze kandi bitanga imbaraga nziza zo guhangana ningaruka, bibafasha kwihanganira ingaruka zitandukanye zitunguranye mugihe cyo gucukura, bikomeza umutekano no gukomeza mubikorwa byo gucukura.

V. Ibizaza hamwe n'ibibazo biri imbere

China's "14th Five-Year Plan" explicitly emphasizes enhancing oil and gas supply capacity and improving development standards, charting the course for the advancement of hard alloys in the oil and gas drilling sector.

Mugihe ubujyakuzimu bwa peteroli na gazi bukomeje kwiyongera kandi imikorere yo gucukura iratera imbere, ibisabwa kugirango imikorere ya bits ikomeye ikoreshwe nayo izamuka.

Inganda zinganda ubu ziribanda kubushakashatsi, iterambere, n’umusaruro w’ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe na PDC yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yo gukuramo peteroli na gaze. Barimo gucukumbura ubushakashatsi bw’imyobo yimbitse yo gucukura, baharanira gukemura ibibazo by '"icyuho" mu gucukura ingufu z’igihugu ndetse n’ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye.