Superhard Material

Chii chakanyanya kuoma zvinhu?

Chinhu chakanyanya kuoma chinhu chine kuomarara kukosha kunodarika makumi mana gigapascals (GPa) kana kuyerwa neVickers kuomarara bvunzo. Iwo angangoita incompressible solids ane high electron density uye high bond covalency. Somugumisiro wezvinhu zvavo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinhu izvi zvinonyanya kufarira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemaindasitiri kusanganisira, asi kwete kuganhurirwa, mabrasives, polishing and cuting tools, disc brakes, uye kupfeka-resistant uye kudzivirira machira.

Nzira yekuwana iyo itsva superhard zvinhu

Munzira yekutanga, vaongorori vanotevedzera mapfupi, anotungamira covalent kabhoni mabhondi edhaimondi nekubatanidza zvinhu zvinopenya senge boron, kabhoni, nitrogen, uye oxygen.

Nzira yechipiri inobatanidza zvinhu zvakareruka izvi (B, C, N, uye O), asiwo inosuma simbi dzekuchinja dzine high valence electron densities kuti dzipe yakakwira incompressibility. Neiyi nzira, simbi dzine yakakwira yakawanda moduli asi yakaderera kuomarara inobatanidzwa nemaatomu madiki anoumba maatomu kuti abudise zvinhu zvakaomarara. Tungsten carbide iratidziro yeindasitiri-inoenderana neiyi nzira, kunyangwe isingatariswe yakanyanya kuoma. Neimwe nzira, mabhoridhi akasanganiswa nesimbi ekuchinja ave inzvimbo yakapfuma yekutsvagisa kwakanyanya uye zvakatungamira kune zvakawanikwa senge.ReB2,OsB2,uyeWB4.

Classification ye superhard materials

Superhard zvinhu zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: mukati makomisheni uye extrinsic makomisheni. Iro boka remukati rinosanganisira madhaimani, cubic boron nitride (c-BN), kabhoni nitrides, uye ternary makomisheni akadai seB-N-C, ane kuomarara kwemukati. Sezvineiwo, extrinsic zvinhu ndezviya zvine super kuomarara uye zvimwe zvemichina zvimiro zvinotemerwa ne microstructure yavo kwete kuumbwa. Muenzaniso weextrinsic superhard material idhaimondi renanocrystalline rinozivikanwa seaggregated diamond nanorods.

Dhaimondi ndiyo yakaomesesa inozivikanwa zvinhu kusvika parizvino, ine Vickers kuomarara kwe70-150 GPa. Dhaimondi rinoratidza zvese zvakakwirira kupisa conductivity uye magetsi ekudzivirira zvivakwa, uye kutarisisa kwakawanda kwakaiswa mukutsvaga zvinoshanda zvechinyorwa ichi. Zvimiro zvemadhaimondi ega ega kana carbonado zvinosiyana zvakanyanya kune zvinangwa zveindasitiri, uye nekudaro madhaimani ekugadzira akava chinhu chikuru chekutsvaga.

Synthetic diamond

Kubatanidzwa kwepamusoro-kudzvanywa kwemadhaimondi muna 1953 muSweden uye muna 1954 muUS kwakagoneka nekuvandudzwa kwemidziyo mitsva uye matekinoroji, yakava chiitiko chakakosha mukubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvekugadzira zvakanyanya. Iyo synthesis yakaratidza zvakajeka kugona kwepamusoro-kudzvanywa kunyorera kwezvinangwa zveindasitiri uye yakakurudzira kufarira kuri kukura mumunda.

PDC cutter imhando yemhando dzakaoma-zvakaoma izvo zvinobatanidza polycrystalline diamond ine tungsten carbide substrate. Dhaimondi ndiyo yakakosha zvinhu zvePDC cutters. Nekuti madhaimani echisikigo akaoma kuumba uye anotora nguva yakareba, anodhura zvakanyanya, uye anodhura pakushandiswa kwemaindasitiri, mune iyi kesi, Synthetic diamond yakaita basa rakakura muindasitiri iyi.

Kana iwe uchifarira tungsten carbide zvigadzirwa uye uchida rumwe ruzivo uye ruzivo, unogona KUBATA NESU nerunhare kana tsamba kuruboshwe, kana KUTITUMIRA MAIL pazasi peji.