Uyenza njani iTungsten Carbide?

    Iimveliso zeTungsten Carbide zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi, kubandakanya izixhobo zokusika, ukomba, ukubetha, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. I-Cemented Carbide ibonelela ngokumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu kwaye yandisa ubomi bezi zixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokunxiba kunye nokusika. Isizathu sokuba icandelo layo eliphambili liyi-tungsten, eyona nto inqabileyo kwaye ingenakuhlaziywa, ixabiso le-carbide ene-cemented liphezulu. Ukongeza, i-carbide enesamente inobunzima obuphezulu, kwaye amandla ayo okugoba angaphantsi kakhulu kunezinye isinyithi, njengentsimbi. Ngezi zizathu zibini, i-carbide enesamente kufuneka idityaniswe kwezinye iintsimbi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengokudityaniswa kwentambo, i-clamping, kunye ne-welding. Eli nqaku lithetha malunga nendlela yokugcoba i-tungsten carbide kwezinye iintsimbi.

1. Yintoni i-tungsten carbide?

    I-Tungsten carbide (WC), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cemented carbide, yimathiriyeli edibeneyo eyenziwe ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi powder metallurgy. I-powder ye-WC ixutywe kunye nentsimbi ye-binder, ngokuqhelekileyo i-cobalt okanye i-nickel, idityaniswe kwi-tooling ye-preform, kwaye emva koko ifakwe kwisithando somlilo. Igama elithi "i-cemented" libhekisela kwi-tungsten carbide particles ebanjwe kwi-metallic binder material kwaye "i-cemented" kunye, yenza i-metallurgical bond phakathi kwe-tungsten carbide particles kunye ne-binder (WC-Co), kwinkqubo ye-sintering. Imboni ye-carbide ene-cemented ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kule nto nje ngokuthi "i-carbide", nangona amagama e-tungsten carbide kunye ne-cemented carbide asetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo.  I-Carbide ibonisa amandla acinezelayo aphezulu, ixhathisa ukuphambuka, kwaye igcina amaxabiso obunzima bayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ipropathi ebonakalayo eluncedo kakhulu kwizicelo zokusika isinyithi. 

2 . Amanqaku amabini okuqinisekisa ukuphumelela ekubetheni i-tungsten carbide

A. Ukulawula uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukwandiswa kokwahluka

B. Amazinga okunciphisa izinto zomzali kunye nokumanzisa i-carbide nge-alloy braze

    Ngexesha lokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, isiseko sesinyithi somzali siya kwandisa kwaye sivumelane ngesantya esiphezulu kune-carbide.  I-Tungsten carbide inezinga lokwandisa ukushisa malunga ne-1/3 ukuya kwi-1/2 yentsimbi.  Xa indibano edibeneyo ipholile, uxinzelelo oluseleyo lunokwakha ngaphakathi kwe-carbide.  Ukupholisa okucothayo okufanayo kwe-carbide kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuphepha uxinzelelo kunye nokuqhekeka okunokwenzeka. Ukucima akukhuthazwa njengoko kunokubangela ukuqhekeka kwi-carbides ngenxa yokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwesiseko sesinyithi somzali.

3. Indlela yokukhetha i-alloy braze

    I-tungsten carbide inzima ukumanzisa. Iialloyi zesilivere ezinezongezo ezincinci ze-Nickel (Ni) ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuqinisa i-carbides kwintsimbi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, zombini i-carbide kunye nentsimbi kufuneka zicoceke ukuze i-alloy ye-braze etyhidiweyo inokumanzisa ngokupheleleyo iindawo zokukhwelana. Ukugaya indawo ye-carbide ukudala indawo ecocekileyo yokutshiza kuyimfuneko. Ukucola kwakhona kunenzuzo yokuthambisa umphezulu we-topography ye-carbide, enokunceda ngokumanzisa i-alloy ye-braze kunye nokunamathela. Amalungu entsimbi, ngokufanayo, aya kufuna ukucocwa ukuze kususwe nakuphi na okushiyekileyo kwegrisi, ioyile, ubumdaka, okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolisa umphezulu.  

    ·Iialloyi zebraze zesilivere ezifumaneka kurhwebo kunye nezongezelelo ezincinci zenikeli (Ni) kunye neManganese (Mn) ziya kumanzisa ngokulula imiphezulu yekhabhide enesamente. Ezi ngxubevange zobhedu zibonisa ukumanzisa kakuhle kwetungsten carbides.  Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe isinyithi sokuqhafaza esinobunzulu obuphantsi obunokubakho bokugquma ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ngaphakathi komdibaniso.  

Kuba appliiications ezibandakanya ukunyanyiswa kwee-carbides ezinkulu, i-sandwich braze alloy isoloko isetyenziswa.  Ukuba i-carbides encinci (1/2 intshi2) ayinakusetyenziswa, i-sandwich alloy inenzuzo ekukhuseleni ukuqhekeka kunye ne-warpage ye-carbide. Ezi trimetals zifakwe kwi-braze filler eboshwe kumacala omabini ombindi wobhedu.  

    ·Nangona ininzi yeengxoxo ijikeleze i-tungsten carbide (WC), siya kuba siphosakele ukuba asizange sikhankanye i-polycrystalline diamond okanye i-PCD. Iqondo lobushushu be-PCD ligcinwa lingaphantsi kwe-1382 ° F (750 °C) ukunqanda ukuthotywa kwedayimani.  Ngokuqhelekileyo, abavelisi beengcebiso ze-PCD kwimizimba yensimbi baya kusebenzisa i-low-temperature, i-high-silver braze filler metal, njenge-BAg-24 braze alloy.  Abanye abavelisi basebenzisa i-alloy ye-braze ngaphandle kwe-nickel okanye i-manganese, njenge-BAg-5 okanye i-BAg-7 i-alloy braze, kunye namaqondo okushisa aphantsi okunyibilika kunye neepropati ezincinci zokumanzisa i-carbide kunye nentsimbi.

    I-brazing flux isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-oxidation yeendawo eziza kudibaniswa ngexesha lokufudumala kwendibano.  I-Flux powder isetyenziswa kunye ne-alloys yesilivere eqhelekileyo.  Umgubo we-flux omnyama ucetyiswa ngabavelisi bebraze kunye ne-flux njengoko inokongezwa kwe-boron kwaye isebenza ngakumbi kumaqondo aphezulu aphezulu.

    Kukho ii-alloys ezininzi zokuqhafaza ezisetyenziselwa i-carbide. I-classic yi-BAG-3, i-50% yesilivere eneCadmium.  Le yimveliso egqwesileyo, kodwa inayo iCadmium. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa yi-BAG-7, i-56% yesilivere eneTin, kuba imanzisa ngokukhawuleza; nangona kunjalo, i-alloy yokuqhafaza ebuthathaka kakhulu, kunye nokusilela ngokubambisana kuqhelekileyo kunye nale ngxube. Eyona nto inamandla engeyo-Cadmium alloy yi-BAG-22, 49% yesilivere ene-manganese, kodwa i-gummy encinci ekuhambeni. I-BAG-24, 50% yeSilivere, ayinayo i-cadmium kwaye i-compromise.  Ihamba kakuhle kodwa imalunga ne-40% ibuthathaka kune-BAG-3 kunye ne-BAG-22.

    Sikhetha kakhulu i-Black Flux, nangona abaninzi beqhayisa ngempumelelo nge-White Flux. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, zicacile ngokucacileyo ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukongeza, sifumanisa ukuba i-Black Flux ecocekileyo inika ukuhamba okungcono kunye namalungu anamandla kune-Flux emnyama eqhelekileyo.  

    Indawo yokugqibela apho iimpazamo ziqhelekile kuyilo oludibeneyo. Abachwephesha abaqeqeshiweyo badla ngokufuna ukudibanisa amalungu baze baqhube intsimbi. Xa beqhaqha, bafuna ukudibanisa iinxalenye kwaye emva koko bafake i-alloy brazing kwi-joint.   

    Xa ubhobhoza i-carbide, kudla ngokusebenza ngakumbi ukuguquguquka kwamacala kunye nezantsi kwenotshi, emva koko ubeke amaqhekeza ocingo oluxutyiweyo lwealloy phantsi kwe-carbide.  Konke okwenzayo kukufudumala de i-carbide ihlale endaweni.   

    Umgangatho kufuneka ube kukuba i-carbide ruptures okanye intsimbi yentsimbi ngaphambi kokuba umdibaniselwano ungaphumeleli.