I-Laser Welding kunye ne-Electron Beam Welding: "I-High-Tech" yoMveliso oPhakamileyo

Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezifana ne-aerospace kunye ne-microelectronics, i-welding ye-fusion yendabuko kunzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuchaneka kunye nokungena okunzulu. I-laser welding kunye ne-electron beam welding zivelele kunye neenzuzo zabo "zobuninzi bamandla, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kunye nokuguqulwa okuphantsi."

Ukuwelda ngeLaser:Isebenzisa i-laser beam ephezulu yamandla (i-wavelength 1064nm okanye i-10.6μm) igxininise kumphezulu womsebenzi. Ubushushu bethutyana bunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-10,000°C, ukuqonda ukunyibilika okukhawulezileyo kunye nokudibanisa isinyithi. Ifaka iiwelds ezimxinwa kunye neendawo ezincinci ezichatshazelwe ngubushushu, ziyenza ilungele ukuwelda izinto ezinodonga olucekethekileyo kunye namacandelo amancinci, anje ngeebrakethi zekhamera ye-smartphone kunye neenjini ze-aero-injini.

I-Electron Beam Welding:Kwindawo yokucoca i-vacuum, i-electron beam iyakhawuleza kwaye igxininise ukubhobhoza i-workpiece. Ngoxinano lwamandla oluphezulu njenge-10 ^ 6-10 ^ 8 W / cm², inokufikelela kwi-welding enzulu yokungena kunye ne-aspect ratio ukuya kwi-10: 1. Ilungele amacandelo achanekileyo anodonga olungqingqwa afana neendawo zereactor yenyukliya kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ineendleko eziphezulu zezixhobo kwaye ifuna indawo ye-vacuum, ekhokelela kwiimeko ezilinganiselweyo zesicelo.

Ukubunjwa kweZixhobo kunye neentlobo zeLaser

Inkqubo ye-laser welding standard ibandakanya amacandelo amathathu angundoqo:

Laser Generator: Guqula amandla ombane abe yilaser ehambelanayo.

Inkqubo yoThumelo lwe-Optical: Ikhokela kwaye igxininise i-beam (umzekelo, i-fiber optics, izibuko ezikhanyayo).

Indawo yokusebenzela: Idibanisa izixhobo, ulawulo lwentshukumo (iirobhothi/izigaba ezinqamlezileyo), kunye nokuhanjiswa kwegesi ekhuselayo.

IiParameters zeNkqubo eziBalulekileyo kunye neziKhokelo zokuSebenza

Ulawulo lweparameter lumisela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-weld-nokuba ukuphambuka okuncinci kunokubangela iziphene ezifana ne-porosity okanye iintanda:

(1) Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwe-Welding

Ukucocwa kweMathiriyeli: Susa i-oyile, izikali zeoksidi, okanye izaleko usebenzisa i-ethanol okanye i-sandblasting. Kwizinto ezibonakalayo eziphezulu (i-Al, Cu), i-pre-treat surfaces ukunciphisa i-laser reflection.

Ukuma kweNgcaciso: Sebenzisa i-negative defocus (gqalisela ngaphantsi kwendawo yokusebenza) ukuze ungene nzulu; i-positive defocus (gqalisela ngasentla) kumaphepha abhityileyo ukunqanda ukutsha.

Izicelo zoShishino kunye neZifundo zeMye

I-Laser welding's versatility iqhuba ukutsha kumacandelo onke:

(1) Ulwakhiwo kunye noShishino olunzima

Izakhiwo zentsimbi: Iinkqubo ze-laser-arc hybrid welding welding weld 20mm + T-beams kwi-1.2m / min, ukunciphisa i-deformation nge-50%.

Ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa: Iinkqubo ezikhokelwa yiRobhothi ezine-7th-axis rails weld 115mm-thick hull plates kwi-single passes, ukusombulula "i-welding-side side, i-double-side forming" umngeni.

(2) Ukwenziwa kweeMoto

Ukuwelda okuchanekileyo kwamacandelo othumelo kusetyenziswa "iteknoloji yokulawula uzinzo lwe-keyhole" ukufezekisa ii-welds zesetyhula ezingenasiphako.

I-laser ye-welding yeepaneli zomzimba wemoto inciphisa ukubalwa kwenxalenye ngama-30% kunye nobunzima nge-15%.

(3) Amandla aPhezulu kunye ne-Aerospace

Amandla eNyukliya: I-Fiber laser welding ye-Ni-28W-6Cr ingxubevange (ye-850°C i-reactors yetyuwa etyhidiweyo) kunye noxinzelelo lwe-crack ngokusebenzisa i-parameter optimization.

I-aerospace: Ukuwelda kweencakuba ze-injini ye-titanium alloy kunye nendawo encinci echatshazelwe bubushushu (HAZ) ukugcina amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo.