Umehluko phakathi kwe-Overlay Welding kanye ne-Hard Facing

I-overlay welding kanye ne-hard face yizindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa embonini ukuthuthukisa ukuqina nokumelana nokugqoka kwezingxenye ezingaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima. Nakuba zombili izinqubo zihlose ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezulu zento, kunomehluko ohlukile ekusetshenzisweni kwazo, izinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nezakhiwo eziwumphumela. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukungezwani phakathi kwe-overlay welding nokubhekana kanzima ngokuya ngenqubo, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinzuzo nemikhawulo yazo.

Iyini i-Overlay Welding

I-overlay welding, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cladding noma i-surfacing, ifaka ukufaka ungqimba lwento ehambisanayo ebusweni bensimbi eyisisekelo. Lokhu kufezwa ngezinqubo ezifana ne-submerged arc welding (SAW), i-gas metal arc welding (GMAW), noma i-plasma transfer arc welding (PTAW). Izinto ezimboziwe zikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekusebenzisaneni kwayo nesisekelo sensimbi kanye nezindawo ezifunwayo ezingaphezulu.

Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Ekushiseleni Imbondela:

1. Imbondela yeWeld: Kule ndlela yokwenza, izinto ezimbondelayo ngokuvamile ziyinsimbi yokugcwalisa i-weld, okungaba insimbi enekhabhoni ephansi, insimbi engagqwali, noma ingxubevange esekwe nickel. I-weld overlay material ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekuphikeleni kwayo ukugqwala, ukumelana nokugqoka, noma izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Izinzuzo ze-Overlay Welding:

1. Ukuhlukahluka: Ukushisela okumbondelayo kuvumela inhlobonhlobo yezinto ezosetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwendawo, enikeza ukuguquguquka ekuhlanganiseni izakhiwo zokumbondela ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezithile.

2. Izindleko Ezingabizi: I-overlay welding inikeza isisombululo esingabizi kakhulu sokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezulu zezingxenye, njengoba kuphela ungqimba oluncane oluncane lwempahla ebizayo lusetshenziswa phezu kwesisekelo sensimbi.

3. Amandla Wokulungisa: I-overlay welding ingase isetshenziselwe ukulungisa izindawo ezilimele noma ezigugile, kunwetshwe impilo yesevisi yezingxenye.

Imikhawulo ye-Overlay Welding:

1. Amandla Ebhondi: Amandla ebhondi phakathi kwezinto ezimbondelanayo nesisekelo sensimbi angaba ukukhathazeka, njengoba ukuhlangana okunganele kungase kubangele ukubola noma ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

2. Ubukhulu obunomkhawulo: Ukushisela imbondela ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe kumamilimitha ambalwa ogqinsi, okuyenza ingalungeli kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izendlalelo eziwugqinsi zezindawo ezithuthukisiwe.

3. Indawo Ethinteke Ukushisa (HAZ): Okokufaka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela imbondela kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwendawo ethinteke ekushiseni, engabonisa izakhiwo ezihlukile kunembondela kanye nezinto eziyisisekelo.

Kuyini Ukubhekana Kanzima

Ubuso obuqinile, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-surfacing eqinile noma i-build-up welding, ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa isendlalelo esingagugi ngaphezu kwengxenye ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwayo nemihuzuko, ukuguguleka, kanye nomthelela. Le nqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kuwukumelana nokugqoka.

Izinto ezisetshenziswa ekubhekaneni kanzima:

1. Ama-alloys Abheke Kanzima: Izinto ezibheke kanzima ziyingxubevange ehlanganisa isisekelo sensimbi (njenge-iron) kanye nezinto eziyingxubevange njenge-chromium, i-molybdenum, i-tungsten, noma i-vanadium. Lawa ma-alloys akhethwa ngenxa yobulukhuni bawo obungavamile nokumelana nokugqoka.

Izinzuzo Zokubhekana Kanzima:

1. Ukuqina Okuphakeme: Izinto ezibheke kanzima zikhethwa ngenxa yobulukhuni bazo obukhethekile, okuvumela izingxenye ukuthi zimelane nokuguga okuhugayo, umthelela, kanye nezicelo zokucindezeleka okuphezulu.

2. I-Wear Resistance: Ukubhekana kanzima kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana nokugqokwa kwendawo, kunwebe impilo yesevisi yezingxenye ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima.

3. Izinketho zokuqina: Ubuso obuqinile bungasetshenziswa ezingqimbeni zogqinsi oluhlukahlukene, okuvumela ukulawula okunembile inani lempahla engagugi eyengezwe.

Imikhawulo Yokubhekana Kanzima:

1. Ukuguquguquka Okulinganiselwe: Izinto ezibheke kanzima zihloselwe kakhulu ukumelana nokuguga futhi angeke zibe nokumelana nokugqwala okufiselekayo, izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, noma ezinye izici ezithile ezidingekayo ezinhlelweni ezithile.

2. Izindleko: Ama-alloys abheke kanzima avame ukubiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokushisela imbondela, okungenzeka kukhuphule izindleko zokulungiswa kwendawo.

3. Ukulungisa Okunzima: Uma sekufakwe isendlalelo esibheke kanzima, kungaba inselele ukulungisa noma ukulungisa indawo engaphezulu, njengoba ukuqina okuphezulu kwento kuyenza ingashiseki kalula.

Isiphetho:

I-overlay welding kanye nobuso obuqinile yizindlela ezihlukile zokuguqula indawo ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguga nokuqina kwezingxenye. Ukushisela imbondela kunikeza ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, okuvumela inhlobonhlobo yezinketho ezintweni zokumbondela. Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokugqoka, noma izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zokushisa okuphezulu. Ngokuphambene, ubuso obuqinile bugxile ngokuyinhloko ekuphikisweni kokugqoka, kusetshenziswa ama-alloys anobunzima obungavamile. Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimihuzuko, ukuguguleka, kanye nomthelela. Ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezakhiwo ezifiselekayo zangaphezulu kubalulekile ekukhetheni indlela efanele yokufeza imiphumela oyifunayo.