Iqhaza Lokwelapha Ukushisa Ekushiseleni Ithiphu Yesaha

    I-Welding tungsten carbide (WC) yabona amathiphu kumathuluzi okusika kuyinqubo ebucayi ethonya kakhulu ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamathuluzi. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokushisela ingathula izingcindezi ezisalayo futhi iguqule i-microstructure yezinto ezihilelekile. Yilapho ukwelashwa kokushisa kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ngokusebenzisa ngokucophelela amasu okwelapha ukushisa ngemva kokushisela, abakhiqizi bangathuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yamajoyini ahlanganisiwe, baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukubaluleka kokwelashwa kokushisa ku-saha tip welding, izinqubo ezihilelekile, kanye nezinzuzo ezihlinzekayo.

1. Ukuqonda Ukwelashwa Kokushisa

    Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyinqubo elawulwayo ehlanganisa ukushisisa nokupholisa izinto ukuze kuzuzwe izici zomshini ezifiselekayo. Esimweni sokushisela, ukwelashwa kokushisa kusiza ukukhulula izingcindezi ezisele, ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni, nokuthuthukisa ukuqina. Inqubo ethile yokwelapha ukushisa ekhethiwe incike ezintweni ezihilelekile kanye nezici ezifiselekayo zomkhiqizo wokugcina.

2. Ukubaluleka Kokwelashwa Kokushisa ku-Welding

2.1 Ukunciphisa Ukucindezeleka Okusalelayo

    I-Welding yethula ama-gradient ashisayo abalulekile angaholela ekucindezelekeni okusele ngaphakathi kwelunga elishiselwe kanye nendawo ethinteke ukushisa (HAZ). Lokhu kucindezeleka kungaholela ekushintshaneni, ukuqhekeka, noma ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwengxenye eshiselwe phakathi nesevisi. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kubalulekile ekudambiseni lokhu kucindezeleka, ukukhuthaza ukuzinza kwe-dimensional, nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bejoyinti elishiselwe.

2.2 Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezakhiwo Ezincane

    Inqubo yokushisela ingashintsha i-microstructure yawo womabili amathiphu e-tungsten carbide kanye ne-substrate yensimbi. Ukushisa okudlulele kungaholela ekwehleni kwe-carbide, okuthinta kabi ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka kwamathiphu. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuvumela ukucolisiswa kwe-microstructure, ukukhuthaza ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwama-carbides futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza okuphelele kwamathiphu amasaha.

2.3 Ukuthuthukisa Izakhiwo Zemishini

    Ngokwelashwa kokushisa, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo zemishini zejoyinti elishiselwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinqubo ezifana nokuthulisa kanye ne-annealing zingathuthukisa ukuqina ngenkathi kugcinwa ubulukhuni. Le bhalansi ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amathiphu amasaha angakwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu nezimo ezilimazayo okuhlangatshezwane nazo ngesikhathi sokusika.

3. Izinqubo Zokwelapha Ezivamile Zokushisa

3.1 Ukunciphisa Ingcindezi

    Ukunciphisa ingcindezi kuyinqubo yokwelapha ukushisa okubandakanya ukushisisa ingxenye eshiselwe ezingeni lokushisa elithile, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibalulekile lezinto eziyisisekelo, bese uyivumela ukuthi iphole kancane. Le nqubo isiza ukunciphisa izingcindezi ezisele ngaphandle kokuguqula kakhulu i-microstructure ye-tungsten carbide noma i-substrate yensimbi.

3.2 Ukushisa

    Ukushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kokucisha ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqina. Kumongo we-tungsten carbide saw amathiphu, ukufudumala kungasiza ekufinyeleleni ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina nokuqina. Ingxenye ishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elinqunywe kusengaphambili bese iyapholiswa, okuvumela ukusatshalaliswa kabusha kwekhabhoni kanye nokunciphisa izingcindezi zangaphakathi.

3.3

    I-Annealing inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ebanzi kakhulu engasetshenziswa kuma-substrates ensimbi. Kubandakanya ukushisisa izinto ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu bese zipholisa kancane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwenziwa kabusha kwekristalu. Le nqubo ithuthukisa i-ductility futhi inciphisa ubulukhuni, ikwenze kube lula umshini noma ukuqhubeka nokucubungula ijoyinti elishiselwe.

4. Ukucatshangelwa Kokwelashwa Okuphumelelayo Kokushisa

4.1 Ukulawula izinga lokushisa

    Ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa. Ukushisa ngokweqile kungaholela ezinguqukweni ezingathandeki ku-microstructure, kuyilapho ukufudumeza okunganele kungase kungakuqedi ngokwanele ukucindezeleka. Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lokushisa ezithuthukisiwe kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa yenziwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacisiwe.

4.2 Izinga Lokupholisa

    Izinga lokupholisa elilandela ukwelashwa kokushisa nalo lidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izakhiwo zokugcina zejoyinti elishiselwe. Ukupholisa okusheshayo kungabangela ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe, kuyilapho ukupholisa kancane kukhuthaza ukufana ku-microstructure. Abakhiqizi kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela indlela yokupholisa ngokusekelwe ezintweni kanye nemiphumela efiselekayo.

4.3 Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi

    Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa. Izindlela zokuhlola ezingabhubhi (i-NDT), njengokuhlola ubulukhuni nokuhlaziywa kwe-microstructural, zingasiza ukuhlola ikhwalithi ye-weld kanye nempumelelo yokwelashwa kokushisa.

Isiphetho

    Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekushiseleni amathiphu esaha ye-tungsten carbide, okusebenza ekudambiseni izingcindezi ezinsalela, nokwenza ngcono i-microstructure, kanye nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini. Ngokusebenzisa amasu afanele okwelapha ukushisa, abakhiqizi bangathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nokuqina kwamathuluzi abo okusika. Njengoba imboni ye-hardmetal iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuzohlala kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-tungsten carbide ehlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje..