Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW): The "Preferred Option" for High-Quality Welding

Kuwotcherera kwachitsulo cha gasi (GMAW) kumagwiritsa ntchito gasi wa inert kapena gasi yogwira ntchito ngati njira yodzitetezera kuti isawononge mphamvu ya mpweya padziwe losungunuka. Ili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe okongola a weld. Amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino: tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) ndi CO₂ gas shielded welding (MIG/MAG), yomwe ili yoyenera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zochitika, motsatana.

1. Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG Welding): "Katswiri" mu Precision Welding

Kuwotcherera kwa TIG kumagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa argon (kuyera ≥99.99%) ngati mpweya woteteza. Imatenthetsa chogwirira ntchito kudzera pa arc pakati pa ma elekitirodi a tungsten ndi chogwirira ntchito, ndipo amatha kuchitidwa ndi waya kapena opanda waya (wowotcherera wodziyimira pawokha). Ndiwoyenera kuwotcherera mwatsatanetsatane wa zinthu zosavuta okosijeni monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zotayidwa ndi titaniyamu, monga zida zamlengalenga, zotengera zokakamiza, ndi zida zamankhwala.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zogwirira ntchito:

Kusankha kwa Tungsten Electrode: Gwiritsani ntchito maelekitirodi a ceriated tungsten powotcherera chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi ma elekitirodi oyera a tungsten powotcherera ma aluminiyamu aloyi. Sinthani m'mimba mwa ma elekitirodi a tungsten molingana ndi zamakono (monga 2.4mm tungsten electrode ya 100-150A yapano). Yang'anirani kutalika kwa ma elekitirodi a tungsten pa 2-5mm kuti mupewe kukhudzana ndi waya wodzaza, zomwe zingayambitse kupsa kwa tungsten electrode.

Kuwongolera kwa Gasi: Sinthani kuyenda kwa argon molingana ndi makulidwe a workpiece: 8-10L / min kwa mbale zoonda (≤3mm) ndi 12-15L / min kwa mbale zakuda (> 5mm). Wonjezerani nthawi ya chitetezo cha argon ndi 3-5 masekondi pamene mukuthetsa arc kuti muteteze kutentha kwakukulu kwa okosijeni wa weld.

5mm). Wonjezerani nthawi ya chitetezo cha argon ndi 3-5 masekondi pamene mukuthetsa arc kuti muteteze kutentha kwakukulu kwa okosijeni wa weld.

Filler Wire Technique: Onjezani waya wodzaza kuchokera kutsogolo kwa dziwe losungunuka, kupewa kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi arc. Yang'anirani liwiro la kuwotcherera pa 5-10cm / min kuti muwonetsetse kusakanikirana kwathunthu kwa dziwe losungunuka ndikupewa kusowa kwa zolakwika zophatikizika.

2. CO₂ Gas Shielded Welding (MIG/MAG Welding): The "High-Efficiency Expert" for Mass Production

Kuwotcherera kwa mpweya wa CO₂ kumagwiritsa ntchito CO₂ kapena gasi wosakanizika wa CO₂ ndi argon ngati njira yodzitetezera, yokhala ndi waya wodziwikiratu. Ili ndi mphamvu zowotcherera kwambiri (nthawi 2-3 kuposa ya SMAW) komanso yotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kupanga zitsulo zotsika kwambiri za carbon ndi zitsulo zotsika, monga matupi amagalimoto, ma casing a zida zapanyumba, ndi kupanga ziwiya.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zogwirira ntchito:

Kufananiza kwa Parameter: Yendetsani mwamphamvu mphamvu yapano ndi magetsi (mwachitsanzo, 22-24V ya 150A yapano). Kuwongolera kutalika kwa waya pa 10-15mm (pafupifupi 5-10 kuchulukitsa kwa waya); Kutalikitsa kwautali kwambiri kungayambitse kumwaza mopitirira muyeso, pamene chachifupi kwambiri chikhoza kuwotcha mphuno.

Kowotcherera: Gwiritsani ntchito njira yowotcherera yakumanzere (kusuntha nyali yowotcherera kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere). Sungani ngodya ya 15-25 ° pakati pa tochi yowotcherera ndi chogwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti dziwe losungunuka likutidwa ndi mpweya. Gwiritsani ntchito chishango cha mphepo pamene liwiro la mphepo likupitirira 2m / s kuti muteteze mpweya woteteza kuti usapitirire, zomwe zingayambitse porosity.