Kuwotcherera kwa Laser ndi Electron Beam Welding: "High-Tech" ya High-End Manufacturing

M'magawo apamwamba monga mlengalenga ndi ma microelectronics, kuwotcherera kwachikhalidwe kumakhala kovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira zolondola komanso zozama. Kuwotcherera kwa laser ndi kuwotcherera kwa ma elekitironi kumawonekera ndi zabwino zake za "kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kulondola kwambiri, ndi kupindika kochepa."

Kuwotcherera kwa Laser:Imagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wapamwamba wa laser (wavelength 1064nm kapena 10.6μm) yoyang'ana pa workpiece. Kutentha kwanthawi yomweyo kumatha kufika pa 10,000 ° C, kuzindikira kusungunuka kofulumira ndi kulumikizana kwazitsulo. Imakhala ndi ma welds opapatiza komanso madera ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuwotcherera zinthu zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala ndi tizigawo tating'ono, monga mabakiti a kamera ya smartphone ndi masamba a injini ya aero.

Electron Beam Welding:M'malo opanda vacuum, mtengo wa ma elekitironi umafulumizitsidwa ndikuyang'ana kuti awombe ntchitoyo. Ndi kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri ngati 10 ^ 6-10 ^ 8 W / cm², imatha kukwaniritsa kuwotcherera mozama ndi gawo la 10: 1. Ndi yoyenera pazigawo zolimba-mipanda zolondola monga zida za nyukiliya ndi magiya akulu. Komabe, ili ndi mtengo wokwera wa zida ndipo imafuna malo opanda vacuum, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zochepa zogwiritsa ntchito.

Mapangidwe a Zida & Mitundu ya Laser

Makina owotcherera a laser amaphatikiza zigawo zitatu zazikulu:

Laser Jenereta: Amasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mtengo wolumikizana wa laser.

Optical Transmission System: Imawongolera ndikuyang'ana mtengo (mwachitsanzo, ma fiber optics, magalasi owunikira).

Malo ogwirira ntchito: Amaphatikiza zosintha, zowongolera zoyenda (maroboti/magawo amzere), komanso kupereka mpweya woteteza.

Zofunikira Zofunikira & Malangizo Ogwirira Ntchito

Kuwongolera kwa parameter kumatsimikizira mtundu wa weld - ngakhale zopatuka zazing'ono zimatha kuyambitsa zolakwika monga porosity kapena ming'alu:

(1) Kukonzekera Kuwotcherera Kusanayambe

Kuyeretsa Zinthu: Chotsani mafuta, masikelo a oxide, kapena zokutira pogwiritsa ntchito mowa kapena sandblasting. Pazinthu zowoneka bwino kwambiri (Al, Cu), chitiranitu zinthu pamalopo kuti muchepetse kuwala kwa laser.

Kuyikira Kwambiri: Gwiritsani ntchito defocus yolakwika (yang'anani pansi pa malo ogwirira ntchito) kuti mulowetse mwakuya; positive defocus (kuyang'ana pamwamba) kwa mapepala owonda kuti asatenthedwe.

Ntchito Zamakampani & Maphunziro a Nkhani

Kusinthasintha kwa laser kuwotcherera kumayendetsa zatsopano m'magawo onse:

(1) Ntchito Zomanga & Zolemera

Kapangidwe ka Zitsulo: Mitu iwiri ya laser-arc hybrid kuwotcherera makina amawotcherera 20mm+ T-matanda pa 1.2m/mphindi, kuchepetsa kupunduka ndi 50%.

Kupanga Zombo: Makina otsogozedwa ndi ma robot okhala ndi njanji za 7th-axis amawotcherera mbale za 115mm-thick hull munjira imodzi, kuthetsa vuto la "kuwotcherera mbali imodzi, kupanga mbali ziwiri".

(2) Kupanga Magalimoto

Kuwotcherera mwatsatanetsatane kwa zida zotumizira pogwiritsa ntchito "ukadaulo wowongolera kukhazikika kwa keyhole" kuti mukwaniritse ma welds ozungulira opanda cholakwika.

Kuwotcherera kwa laser kwa mapanelo amthupi lagalimoto kumachepetsa kuwerengera ndi 30% ndi kulemera ndi 15%.

(3) Mphamvu Zapamwamba & Zamlengalenga

Nyukiliya Mphamvu: Fiber laser kuwotcherera kwa Ni-28W-6Cr aloyi (kwa 850 ° C osungunula mchere reactors) ndi kupondereza ming'alu kudzera parameter kukhathamiritsa.

Azamlengalenga: kuwotcherera masamba a injini ya titaniyamu yokhala ndi malo ochepa omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ) kuti asunge mphamvu.