I-Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW): "Inketho Ekhethwayo" Yokushisela Kwekhwalithi Ephezulu

I-gas metal arc welding (GMAW) isebenzisa igesi engasebenzi noma igesi esebenzayo njengendawo evikelayo ukuze ihlukanise umthelela womoya echibini elincibilikisiwe. Ifaka ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushisela kanye nokwakheka okuhle kwe-weld. Ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile: i-tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) kanye ne-CO₂ gas shielded welding (MIG/MAG), elungele izinto ezahlukahlukene kanye nezimo, ngokulandelana.

1. I-Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG Welding): "Uchwepheshe" ku-Precision Welding

Ukushisela kwe-TIG kusebenzisa igesi ye-argon (ubumsulwa ≥99.99%) njengegesi evikelayo. Ishisisa i-workpiece nge-arc phakathi kwe-electrode ye-tungsten kanye nendawo yokusebenza, futhi ingenziwa noma ngaphandle kocingo lokugcwalisa (i-autogenous welding). Ifanele ukushiselwa okunembayo kwezinto ezifakwe i-oxidized kalula njengensimbi engagqwali, ama-alloys e-aluminium, nama-alloys e-titanium, njengezingxenye ze-aerospace, imikhumbi yokucindezela, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.

Amaphuzu Okusebenza Abalulekile:

Ukukhethwa kwe-Tungsten Electrode: Sebenzisa ama-electrode e-tungsten aqinisekisiwe ukushisela insimbi engagqwali nama-electrode ahlanzekile e-tungsten ukuze ushisele ama-alloys e-aluminium. Lungisa ububanzi be-electrode ye-tungsten ngokuya ngezamanje (isb., i-electrode ye-tungsten engu-2.4mm ye-100-150A yamanje). Lawula ubude besandiso se-electrode ye-tungsten ku-2-5mm ukuze ugweme ukuthintana nentambo yokugcwalisa, okungase kubangele ukutubeka kwe-electrode ye-tungsten.

Ukulawula Igesi: Lungisa ukugeleza kwe-argon ngokuvumelana nobukhulu be-workpiece: 8-10L/min kumapuleti amancane (≤3mm) kanye no-12-15L/min wamapuleti awugqinsi (>5mm). Nweba isikhathi sokuvikela i-argon ngamasekhondi angu-3-5 lapho unqamula i-arc ukuvimbela i-oxidation ephezulu yezinga lokushisa le-weld.

5mm). Nweba isikhathi sokuvikela i-argon ngamasekhondi angu-3-5 lapho unqamula i-arc ukuvimbela i-oxidation ephezulu yezinga lokushisa le-weld.

I-Filler Wire Technique: Engeza intambo yokugcwalisa kusukela ngaphambi kwechibi elincibilikisiwe, ugweme ukuthintana okuqondile ne-arc. Lawula isivinini sokushisela ku-5-10cm/min ukuze uqinisekise ukuhlangana okugcwele kwechibi elincibilikisiwe futhi ugweme ukuntuleka kokulimala kwe-fusion.

2. I-CO₂ I-Gas Shielded Welding (i-MIG/MAG Welding): "Isazi Esisebenza Kakhulu" Sokukhiqiza Okuningi

I-CO₂ igesi evikelekile yokushisela isebenzisa i-CO₂ noma igesi exubile ye-CO₂ kanye ne-argon njengendawo yokuvikela, enokufakwa kwentambo okuzenzakalelayo. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekushiseleni (izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kune-SMAW) kanye nezindleko eziphansi, okuyenza ifanelekele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwensimbi enekhabhoni ephansi kanye nensimbi enengxubevange ephansi, njengemizimba yezimoto, amakesi ezinto zikagesi zasendlini, kanye nokukhiqizwa kweziqukathi.

Amaphuzu Okusebenza Abalulekile:

Ukufanisa Ipharamitha: Qondanisa ngokuqinile yamanje kanye ne-voltage (isb., 22-24V ye-150A yamanje). Lawula ubude besandiso socingo ku-10-15mm (cishe izikhathi ezi-5-10 kunobubanzi bentambo); ukunwetshwa okude ngokweqile kungase kubangele isiphalaphala ngokweqile, kuyilapho esifushane ngokweqile singashisa umbhobho.

I-engeli yokushisela: Sebenzisa indlela yokushisela engakwesokunxele (ukuhambisa ithoshi lokushisela ukusuka kwesokudla liye kwesokunxele). Gcina i-engeli engu-15-25° phakathi kwethoshi lokushisela kanye nendawo yokusebenza ukuze uqinisekise ukumbozwa okugcwele kwechibi elincibilikisiwe ngegesi. Sebenzisa isivikelo somoya lapho isivinini somoya singaphezu kuka-2m/s ukuze uvimbele ukuthi igesi eyisivikelo ingaphephuki, okungase kubangele ukubola.