Classification Logic of Welding Methods: Three Core Systems
Classification Logic of Welding Methods: Three Core Systems
In the modern industrial manufacturing system, welding technology acts like an "industrial tailor," joining scattered metal components into a tight integral structure. It underpins the development of numerous fields such as construction, automotive, aerospace, and electronics. From the steel structures of high-rise buildings to the microcircuit boards of smartphones, welding quality directly determines the safety, stability, and service life of products. However, welding is not a single technology but a complex system encompassing multiple principles to meet diverse needs. This article systematically sorts out the classification logic of welding methods, and in-depth analyzes the core characteristics, operational key points, and application scenarios of various mainstream welding technologies, providing comprehensive references for practitioners and learners.
Classification Logic of Welding Methods: Three Core Systems
The classification of welding technologies is mainly based on differences in "heating methods" and "joining principles." Accordingly, welding can be divided into three major categories: fusion welding, pressure welding, and brazing. Each category has unique application scenarios and operational logics, collectively forming the core framework of welding technology.
Core Basis for Classification
Differences in Energy Sources: Fusion welding relies on energy such as electric arcs, flames, and lasers to melt metals; pressure welding takes pressure as the core, supplemented by local heating or no heating; brazing achieves joining through the melting of low-melting-point brazing filler metal, without melting the base metal.
Differences in Joining Nature: Fusion welding involves the re-combination of metal atoms in a liquid state; pressure welding forms a metallurgical bond through plastic deformation or diffusion; brazing is an "adhesion-type" joining based on interface adsorption and diffusion between the brazing filler metal and the base metal.
Comparison of Core Characteristics of the Three Categories
| Category | Core Principle | Base Metal State |
| Fusion Welding | Local melting to form a molten pool, which solidifies after cooling to achieve joining | Molten |
| Pressure Welding | Applying pressure (with or without heating) to achieve joining through plastic deformation | No melting or local micro-melting |
| Brazing | Low-melting-point brazing filler metal melts to fill gaps and adheres after cooling | No melting |
